Additional immunophenotypic markers useful in lineage assignment or subtyping of AML
From haematologyetc.co.uk
Table: Marker patterns that allow definite diagnosis of acute myeloid leukaemia
| Myeloid lineage-associated markers (Specific differentiation) | |
|---|---|
| The markers already described above are sufficient to make a diagnosis of typical AML in most cases. Typically the markers in this table are associated with specific features of differentiation so will not be present in all cases, but may be helpful as "lineage-assocated" markers in difficult cases. Care should be taken when doing so, since in some cases specificity may be lower than for typical myeloid markers. | |
| Additional features of granulocytic maturation | |
| CD11b | A marker of both granulocytic and monocytic maturation, this marker has previously been associated with less good outcome in a number of studies |
| Addtional features of monocytic differentiation | |
| CD11c | This marker is most associated with monocytic maturation in AML being fairly well corellated with CD11B, but overall probably less specific for monocytic differentiation that CD14 |
| CD14 | Primarily a marker of monocytic maturation in AML, seen most often in more differentiated forms, when present CD14 be considered a strong indicator of monocytic phenotype. |
| CD64 | A good lineage marker for monocytic differentiation in AML, expressed in both monoblastic and monocytic forms, not fully sepicific when expressed at lower levels. |
| Features associated with erythroid differentiation | |
| Most often CD34, CD45 and HLA-DR are weak or negative, although CD117 and CD36 are generally expressed. There may be some expression of platelet markers in some cases. | |
| CD71 | Frequently expressed though not fully lineage specific |
| CD235 | A good marker of erythroid differentiation but acquired late and therefore may not be expressed |
| Features associated with megakaryocytic differentiation | |
| Most often CD34, CD45 and HLA-DR are weak or negative, although CD13 and CD33 may be expressed | |
| CD41 | Platelet glycoprotein IIbIIIa |
| CD61 | Platelet glycoprotein IIIa |
| CD36 | Relatively non-specific (seen in erythroid and monocytic leukaemias) but often strongly expressed
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