Acute leukaemia types: Difference between revisions
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|colspan="4" style = "font-size:90%; color:black;" |'''[[CD45]]''' expression in AML is "weak" i.e. significantly less intense than normal T cells, B cells or monocytes. The typically low side scatter of most blast cells means that myeloid blast cells tend to form a relatively uniform population that is clearly separated from that of lymphocytes on CD45/SSc plots. However, there is some variability releted to indididual subtypes - in AML see particularly our sections on [[APL]] and [[monocytic AML]]. | |colspan="4" style = "font-size:90%; color:black;" |'''[[CD45]]''' expression in AML is "weak" i.e. significantly less intense than normal T cells, B cells or monocytes. The typically low side scatter of most blast cells means that myeloid blast cells tend to form a relatively uniform population that is clearly separated from that of lymphocytes on CD45/SSc plots. However, there is some variability releted to indididual subtypes - in AML see particularly our sections on [[APL]] and [[monocytic AML]]. | ||
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!colspan="3" style = "font-size:90%; background:#DAE8F2"|'''Markers of pimitive cell type expected in AML''' | !colspan="3" style = "font-size:90%; background:#DAE8F2"|'''Markers of pimitive cell type expected in AML''' |
Revision as of 09:37, 18 July 2023
Marker patterns in typical acute myeloid leukaemia | ||||
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CD45 expression in AML | ||||
CD45 expression in AML is "weak" i.e. significantly less intense than normal T cells, B cells or monocytes. The typically low side scatter of most blast cells means that myeloid blast cells tend to form a relatively uniform population that is clearly separated from that of lymphocytes on CD45/SSc plots. However, there is some variability releted to indididual subtypes - in AML see particularly our sections on APL and monocytic AML. | ||||
Markers of pimitive cell type expected in AML | ||||
These markers are generally regarded as indicating less differentiated cells, so may be expressed by any acute leukaemia type. When strongly expressed they have some value in indicating T or B lineage. | ||||
Marker | Expectation | Comment | ||
CD34 | Frequently expressed, most often in less differentiated forms of AML. Expression often less intense than in lymphoid leukaemias | |||
TDT | Expressed particularly in less differentiated forms of AML. Often on a sub-population of cells; expression usually less intense than in lymphoid leukaemias | |||
CD7 | Similar to TdT, CD7 expression is recognised on a proportion of AML, usually those with less differentiated phenotype. Most consistently expressed in T-ALL. | |||
Markers with very strong lineage specificity in AML | ||||
While not expressed by all cases, when detected by flow cytomwtry MPO can be considered to be lineage-defining marker in AML (or establishing myeloid lineage in MPAL). | ||||
Marker | Expectation | Comment | ||
MPO | A strong lineage marker for AML when detected by flow cytometry (though potentially less so by immunocytochemistry) | |||
Lineage markers in AML that with relatively high speificity | ||||
These markers are each expressed by many cases (around 80% for each marker), they have high specificity although abberrent expression in ALL is feequent (overall 10-20% for any individual marker)). | ||||
Marker | Expectation | Comment | ||
CD117 | One of tne of the first lineage-markers acquired in AML with good relative specificity | |||
CD33 | A good marker for AML that is often less strongly expressed in monocytic forms | |||
CD13 | A good lineage marker for AML aquired a little later, higher than CD13 in monocytic forms | |||
Other markers helpful in detecting myeloid lineage (often in AML subtypes) | ||||
These markers have less general value in diagnosis, but can be useful in subtype selection or in cases whwere lineage is ambiguous. | ||||
Marker | Expectation | Comment | ||
CD10 | Gran | One of tne of the first lineage-markers acquired in AML with good relative specificity | ||
CD11b | Gran | One of tne of the first lineage-markers acquired in AML with good relative specificity | ||
CD11c | Mono | One of tne of the first lineage-markers acquired in AML with good relative specificity | ||
CD14 | Mono | A good marker for AML that is often less strongly expressed in monocytic forms | ||
CD64 | Mono | A good lineage marker for AML aquired a little later, higher than CD13 in monocytic forms |