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<div style="background-color: #E0EEEE; {{round corners}} padding: 2em 2em;  margin-right: 5px;">
:CD3 is a reliable marker of T cell lineage that is primarily used to distinguish between T and B cells. The pattern of expression has diagnostic relevance.
</div>
<span style="color:navy">'''Normal expression and function'''</span>
CD3 is a multi-molecular complex that associates with the T cell receptor of mature T cells, and supports TCR expression and intracellular signalling in response to antigen.  It is first expressed in the cytoplasm of pro-thymocytes before migrating to the T-cell surface during thymic maturation. CD3 expression is almost exclusive to mature T cells (there is weak expression of CD3 by some macrophages).
<span style="color:navy">'''Diagnostic role'''</span>
* '''T-ALL''''' Expression is mainly cytoplasmic (cyCD3). Surface (sCD3) is usually absent in Early T-precursor T-ALL but is variably expressed in more mature T-ALL.
* '''Mature T cell neoplasms''': sCD3 is expressed on T cell lymphoproliferative disorders. The level of CD3 expression is increased (compared to normal T cells) in T-PLL and T-LGL, and is decreased in Sézary syndrome and ATLL
* '''Natural Killer cell lymphoproliferative disorders''': do not express a conventional TCR so CD3 is not expressed.
* '''Other''' B cells rarely express CD3, and aberrant expression in AML is rare (in contrast to other T cell markers such as CD2 or CD7).


----
----


''CLICK ON '''GENE NAME''' FOR MORE DETAILS''
<span style="color:navy">'''''SUMMARY TABLES'''''</span>




{|style="float:left; width: 100px; height: 70px; text-align:center; font-style: bold; color: navy; background: #EEEFF7; border-style: solid; border-width: 5px; margin: 5px"
Expression by acute leukaemias and by haematogones
|
'''[[EP300|<span style="color:black">'''EP300'''</span>]]'''
|}
{|style="float:left; width: 100px; height: 70px; text-align:center; font-style: bold; color: green; background: #EEEFF7; border-style: solid; border-width: 5px; margin: 5px"
|
'''[[IRF4|<span style="color:black">'''IRF4'''</span>]]'''
|}
{|style="float:left; width: 100px; height: 70px; text-align:center; font-style: bold; color: orange; background: #EEEFF7; border-style: solid; border-width: 5px; margin: 5px"
|
'''[[PI3KD|<span style="color:black">'''PI3KD'''</span>]]'''
|}
{|style="float:left; width: 100px; height: 70px; text-align:center; font-style: bold; color: navy; background: #EEEFF7; border-style: solid; border-width: 5px; margin: 5px"
|
'''[[ARID1A|<span style="color:black">'''ARID1A'''</span>]]'''
|}
{|style="float:left; width: 100px; height: 70px; text-align:center; font-style: bold; color: orange; background: #EEEFF7; border-style: solid; border-width: 5px; margin: 5px"
|
'''[[ARAF|<span style="color:black">'''ARAF'''</span>]]'''
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{|style="float:left; width: 100px; height: 70px; text-align:center; font-style: bold; color: orange; background: #EEEFF7; border-style: solid; border-width: 5px; margin: 5px"
|
'''[[ERBB3|<span style="color:black">'''ERBB3'''</span>]]'''
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{|style="float:left; width: 100px; height: 70px; text-align:center; font-style: bold; color: green; background: #EEEFF7; border-style: solid; border-width: 5px; margin: 5px"
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'''[[KLF2|<span style="color:black">'''KLF2'''</span>]]'''
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{|style="float:left; width: 100px; height: 70px; text-align:center; font-style: bold; color: orange; background: #EEEFF7; border-style: solid; border-width: 5px; margin: 5px"
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'''[[PLCG2|<span style="color:black">'''PLCG2'''</span>]]'''
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{|style="float:left; width: 100px; height: 70px; text-align:center; font-style: bold; color: orange; background: #EEEFF7; border-style: solid; border-width: 5px; margin: 5px"
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'''[[BIRC3|<span style="color:black">'''BIRC3'''</span>]]'''
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|}
{|style="float:left; width: 100px; height: 70px; text-align:center; font-style: bold; color: green; background: #EEEFF7; border-style: solid; border-width: 5px; margin: 5px"
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'''[[ETV6 (lymphoid)|<span style="color:green">'''ETV6'''</span>]]'''
|}
{|style="float:left; width: 100px; height: 70px; text-align:center; font-style: bold; color: orange; background: #EEEFF7; border-style: solid; border-width: 5px; margin: 5px"
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'''[[KRAS (lymphoid)|<span style="color:black">'''KRAS'''</span>]]'''
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{|style="float:left; width: 100px; height: 70px; text-align:center; font-style: bold; color: orange; background: #EEEFF7; border-style: solid; border-width: 5px; margin: 5px"
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'''[[RHOA|<span style="color:black">'''RHOA'''</span>]]'''
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|}
{|style="float:left; width: 100px; height: 70px; text-align:center; font-style: bold; color: orange; background: #EEEFF7; border-style: solid; border-width: 5px; margin: 5px"
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'''[[BRAF|<span style="color:black">'''BRAF'''</span>]]'''
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|}
{|style="float:left; width: 100px; height: 70px; text-align:center; font-style: bold; color: navy; background: #EEEFF7; border-style: solid; border-width: 5px; margin: 5px"
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'''[[EZH2 (lymphoid)|<span style="color:black">'''EZH2'''</span>]]'''
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|}
{|style="float:left; width: 100px; height: 70px; text-align:center; font-style: bold; color: orange; background: #EEEFF7; border-style: solid; border-width: 5px; margin: 5px"
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'''[[MAP2K1|<span style="color:black">'''MAP2K1'''</span>]]'''
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|}
{|style="float:left; width: 100px; height: 70px; text-align:center; font-style: bold; color: green; background: #EEEFF7; border-style: solid; border-width: 5px; margin: 5px"
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'''[[STAT3|<span style="color:black">'''STAT3'''</span>]]'''
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|}


<gallery widths="40px" heights="40px" >
File:rare.png|''Pro-B ALL''|link=Flow cytometry key
File:rare.png|''Early pre-B ALL''|link=Flow cytometry key
File:rare.png|''Pre-B ALL''|link=Flow cytometry key
File:rare.png|''B ALL''|link=Flow cytometry key
File:Hi.png|''Pro-T ALL''|link=Flow cytometry key
File:Hi.png|''Mature-T ALL''|link=Flow cytometry key
File:Poss.png|''AML'' *|link=Flow cytometry key
File:Rare.png|''Haemato-gones''|link=Flow cytometry key
</gallery>


<span style="font-size:80%">'''*''' May be seen in AML but consider bi-phenotypic if present</span>
Expression by B-lymphoproliferative disorders
<gallery widths="40px" heights="40px" >
File:rare.png|frame|''CLL''|link=Flow cytometry key
File:rare.png|''PLL''|link=Flow cytometry key
File:rare.png|''MCL''|link=Flow cytometry key
File:Poss.png|''FL'' *|link=Flow cytometry key
File:rare.png|''HCL''|link=Flow cytometry key
File:rare.png|''HCLv''|link=Flow cytometry key
File:rare.png|''MZL''|link=Flow cytometry key
File:rare.png|''LPL''|link=Flow cytometry key
File:rare.png|''PCs''|link=Flow cytometry key
</gallery>
<span style="font-size:80%">'''*''' occasionally described in FL</span>
Expression by mature T-cell disorders
<gallery widths="40px" heights="40px" >
File:Hi.png|frame|''T-PLL''|link=Flow cytometry key
File:Hi.png|''T-LGL''|link=Flow cytometry key
File:Rare.png|''NK-LGL''|link=Flow cytometry key
File:Hi.png|''ATLL'' *|link=Flow cytometry key
File:Hi.png|''Sezary'' *|link=Flow cytometry key
File:Freq.png|''Others'' **|link=Flow cytometry key
</gallery>
<span style="font-size:80%">'''*''' expression may be dim</span>
<span style="font-size:80%">'''**''' a range of other T cell disorders may circulate occasionally, marker expression varies</span>
----
----


'''Key'''
'''KEY'''


''<span style="color:navy">Navy: </span>1. Genes associated predominantly with epigenetic processes''


''<span style="color:green">Green: </span>2. Genes associated predominantly with gene transcription''
<div class="toccolours mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="font-size 80%; overflow:auto;">


''<span style="color:orange">Orange: </span>3. Genes associated predominantly with cell signalling''
The indicated expression frequency, indicates the approximate frequency of occurrence in each particular disease type.


''<span style="color:gray">Gray: </span>4. Genes associated predominantly with Tumour suppression functions''


''<span style="color:blue">Blue: </span>5. Genes associated predominantly with DNA repair functions''
[[File:Rare.png|30px|link=]]


''<span style="color:red">Red: </span>6. Genes with multiple functions often protein biosynthesis or cell division</span>''
rare (<5%)


[[File:Poss.png|30px|link=]]


possible (5-20%)


----
[[File:Mod.png|30px|link=]]
 
likely (20-40%)
 
[[File:Freq.png|30px|link=]]
 
frequent (40-80%)
 
[[File:Hi.png|30px|link=]]
 
expected (>80%)
 
 
Where expression level is unusual or characteristic of a disorder this is indicated by text:


''<span style="color:navy">Please note that the information is provided for initial guidance only. While we keep the information as up to date as possible, those taking clinical decisions should also consult other sources.</span>''


[[STAT3|STAT3=STAT3]]
</div>


[[Mass–energy equivalence|{{abbr|{{math|''E'' {{=}} ''mc''<sup>2</sup>}}|2=Energy = mass times the speed of light squared}}]]
----

Latest revision as of 13:17, 3 March 2023


CD3 is a reliable marker of T cell lineage that is primarily used to distinguish between T and B cells. The pattern of expression has diagnostic relevance.



Normal expression and function


CD3 is a multi-molecular complex that associates with the T cell receptor of mature T cells, and supports TCR expression and intracellular signalling in response to antigen. It is first expressed in the cytoplasm of pro-thymocytes before migrating to the T-cell surface during thymic maturation. CD3 expression is almost exclusive to mature T cells (there is weak expression of CD3 by some macrophages).


Diagnostic role


  • T-ALL Expression is mainly cytoplasmic (cyCD3). Surface (sCD3) is usually absent in Early T-precursor T-ALL but is variably expressed in more mature T-ALL.
  • Mature T cell neoplasms: sCD3 is expressed on T cell lymphoproliferative disorders. The level of CD3 expression is increased (compared to normal T cells) in T-PLL and T-LGL, and is decreased in Sézary syndrome and ATLL
  • Natural Killer cell lymphoproliferative disorders: do not express a conventional TCR so CD3 is not expressed.
  • Other B cells rarely express CD3, and aberrant expression in AML is rare (in contrast to other T cell markers such as CD2 or CD7).


SUMMARY TABLES


Expression by acute leukaemias and by haematogones

  • Rare.png

    Pro-B ALL

  • Rare.png

    Early pre-B ALL

  • Rare.png

    Pre-B ALL

  • Rare.png

    B ALL

  • Hi.png

    Pro-T ALL

  • Hi.png

    Mature-T ALL

  • Poss.png

    AML *

  • Rare.png

    Haemato-gones

* May be seen in AML but consider bi-phenotypic if present


Expression by B-lymphoproliferative disorders

  • Rare.png

    CLL

  • Rare.png

    PLL

  • Rare.png

    MCL

  • Poss.png

    FL *

  • Rare.png

    HCL

  • Rare.png

    HCLv

  • Rare.png

    MZL

  • Rare.png

    LPL

  • Rare.png

    PCs

* occasionally described in FL


Expression by mature T-cell disorders

  • Hi.png

    T-PLL

  • Hi.png

    T-LGL

  • Rare.png

    NK-LGL

  • Hi.png

    ATLL *

  • Hi.png

    Sezary *

  • Freq.png

    Others **

* expression may be dim

** a range of other T cell disorders may circulate occasionally, marker expression varies

KEY


The indicated expression frequency, indicates the approximate frequency of occurrence in each particular disease type.


File:Rare.png

rare (<5%)

File:Poss.png

possible (5-20%)

File:Mod.png

likely (20-40%)

File:Freq.png

frequent (40-80%)

File:Hi.png

expected (>80%)


Where expression level is unusual or characteristic of a disorder this is indicated by text:


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