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<span style="color: navy>'''Background to flow cytometric diagnosis'''</span> | |||
Differentiation to plasma cells involves (in mast cases) the loss of typical pan B-cell markers and surface light chains. The expression of CD45 also differs both within and between cases making standard gating strategies difficult to apply. Cells are most often identified through their co-expression of CD138 with a relatively high expression of CD38, together with the absence of typical B-cell features. | |||
<div style="width: 95%; overflow: auto; border: 1px solid navy; font-size:100%"> | <div style="width: 95%; overflow: auto; border: 1px solid navy; font-size:100%"> | ||
{| class="wikitable" style="color:black; background-color:#ffffff;" cellpadding=" | {| class="wikitable" style="color:black; background-color:#ffffff;" cellpadding="5" | ||
!colspan=" | !colspan="4" style = "font-size:110%; color: navy; text-align:center; background:#DEE0DE;"|'''Immunophenotype of plasma cells''' | ||
| | |- | ||
!colspan="4" style = "font-size:90%; background:#DAE8F2"|'''CD45''' expression | |||
|- | |||
|colspan="4" style = "font-size:90%; color:black;" |There is no consistent pattern of expression of CD45 although it is most often weak, but may be variable and is occasionally strong. | |||
|- | |||
!colspan="4" style = "font-size:90%; background:#DAE8F2"|Major markers useful in plasma cell identification | |||
|- | |||
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:80%; width: 4%; |'''Marker''' | |||
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:80%; width: 8%; |'''Freq''' | |||
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:80%; width: 8%; |'''Level''' | |||
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:80%; width: 80%; |'''Comment''' | |||
|- | |||
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:90%; color:black;" |CD38 | |||
|colspan="1" style = "background:#004466;"| | |||
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:80%;"|- | |||
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:84%;"|The relatively strong expression of CD38 is typical of plasma cells | |||
|- | |||
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:90%;" |CD138 | |||
|colspan="1" style = "background:#004466;"| | |||
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:80%;"|var | |||
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:84%;"|Expression is expected although the intensity can vary | |||
|- | |||
|colspan="1" style = "width: 4%; font-size:90%; color:black;" |κ/λ | |||
|colspan="1" style = "width: 8%; background:#E6FAFF;"| | |||
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:80%; width: 8%; | | |||
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:80%;"|Surface light chain expression is lost (internal will be detected in permeabilised cells) | |||
|- | |||
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:90%; color:black;" |CD19 | |||
|colspan="1" style = "background:#66e0ff;"| | |||
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:80%;"|- | |||
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:84%;"|Expression of CD19 may persist in some cases | |||
|- | |||
!colspan="4" style = "font-size:90%; background:#DAE8F2"|Other relevant markers | |||
|- | |||
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:90%; color:black;" |CD5 | |||
|colspan="1" style = "background:#E6FAFF;"| | |||
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:80%;"|- | |||
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:80%;"|Not detected on plasma cells | |||
|- | |||
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:90%;" |CD10 | |||
|colspan="1" style = "background:#E6FAFF;"| | |||
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:80%;"|- | |||
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:84%;"| | |||
|- | |||
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:90%;" |CD11C | |||
|colspan="1" style = "background:#E6FAFF;"| | |||
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:80%;"|- | |||
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:84%;"| | |||
|- | |||
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:90%;" |CD20 | |||
|colspan="1" style = "background:#66e0ff;"| | |||
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:80%;"|- | |||
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:84%;"|Expression retained in some cases | |||
|- | |||
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:90%; color:black;" |CD23 | |||
|colspan="1" style = "background:#E6FAFF;"| | |||
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:80%;"|- | |||
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:84%;"| | |||
|- | |- | ||
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:90%; color:black;" |CD25 | |||
|colspan="1" style = "background:#E6FAFF;"| | |||
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:80%;"|- | |||
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:84%;"| | |||
|- | |||
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:90%;" |CD43 | |||
|colspan="1" style = "background:#006699;"| | |||
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:80%;"|- | |||
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:84%;"|Generally not expressed by LPL | |||
|- | |||
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:90%; color:black;" |CD79b | |||
|colspan="1" style = "background:#66e0ff;"| | |||
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:80%;"|- | |||
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:84%;"|Expressed in some cases | |||
|- | |||
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:90%;" |CD103 | |||
|colspan="1" style = "background:#E6FAFF;"| | |||
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:80%;"|- | |||
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:84%;"| | |||
|- | |||
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:90%; color:black;" |CD200 | |||
|colspan="1" style = "background:#006699;"| | |||
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:80%;"|- | |||
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:84%;"|Detected frequently|-|} | |||
|- | |||
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:90%; color:black;" |FMC7 | |||
|colspan="1" style = "background:#E6FAFF;"| | |||
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:80%;"| | |||
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:80%;"|Not expressed | |||
|- | |- | ||
|} | |} | ||
</div> | </div> | ||
<span style="color: navy>''' | <span style="color:navy;font-size:80% ">'''Key to table: '''</span> | ||
<span style="font-size:80% ">Key to colour code for expression frequency [[Key_to_marker_expression_table|Click for link]]</span> | |||
<span style="font-size:80% ">Key to expression strength code and use [[Expression strength key|Click for link]]</span> | |||
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Latest revision as of 18:09, 14 July 2023
Background to flow cytometric diagnosis
Differentiation to plasma cells involves (in mast cases) the loss of typical pan B-cell markers and surface light chains. The expression of CD45 also differs both within and between cases making standard gating strategies difficult to apply. Cells are most often identified through their co-expression of CD138 with a relatively high expression of CD38, together with the absence of typical B-cell features.
Immunophenotype of plasma cells | |||
---|---|---|---|
CD45 expression | |||
There is no consistent pattern of expression of CD45 although it is most often weak, but may be variable and is occasionally strong. | |||
Major markers useful in plasma cell identification | |||
Marker | Freq | Level | Comment |
CD38 | - | The relatively strong expression of CD38 is typical of plasma cells | |
CD138 | var | Expression is expected although the intensity can vary | |
κ/λ | Surface light chain expression is lost (internal will be detected in permeabilised cells) | ||
CD19 | - | Expression of CD19 may persist in some cases | |
Other relevant markers | |||
CD5 | - | Not detected on plasma cells | |
CD10 | - | ||
CD11C | - | ||
CD20 | - | Expression retained in some cases | |
CD23 | - | ||
CD25 | - | ||
CD43 | - | Generally not expressed by LPL | |
CD79b | - | Expressed in some cases | |
CD103 | - | ||
CD200 | - | Detected frequently|-|} | |
FMC7 | Not expressed |
Key to table:
Key to colour code for expression frequency Click for link
Key to expression strength code and use Click for link