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CD10

• CD10 is expressed early pre-B ALL ("common ALL"), but also has wide expression on all subtypes notably also being expressed by Burkitt lymphoma and many cases of T-ALL
• CD10 is also found on normal developing B-lymphocytes (haematogones) so is found very frequently in regenerating marrows
• In mature lymphoproliferative disorders CD10 is consistently expressed by follicular lymphoma, but this is not fully specific and the marker may (rarely) be found on other lymphoproliferative cell types.

Normal expression and function

CD10 inactivates small peptide hormones but function varies with different roles within the lymphoid and myeloid systems. CD10 For lymphoid cells expression of CD10 broadly correlates with periods of proliferation so it is expressed from the early pre-B cell stage then is lost as B cells leave the bone marrow before becoming re-acquired by B cells within the reactive germinal centres - secondary follicles . In contrast within the myeloid system CD10 is expressed on mature neutrophils but not maturing myeloid cells .

diagnostic role

• Lymphoproliferative disorders: CD10 is considered to be a marker of follicular lymphoma where expression consistent and strong. However other lymphoproliferative disorders may all may express CD10 occasionally.

• Acute leukaemia: in B-lineage ALL CD10 is a useful marker that is generally absent from pro-B ALL, but is consistently expressed by later forms particularly including most cases of Burkitt Lymphoma. approximately 30% of cases of T-ALL express CD10, but expression in AML is rare.

• Haematogones: the primitive maturing B cells of regenerating bone marrow consistently express CD10 at all stages of their maturation.

other relevant information

In histopathology CD10 expression is important in the diagnosis of a range of diagnoses including many solid tumour types. In lymphoma it is particularly valuable for the recognition of angioimmunoblastic T cell lymphoma (AITCL) and for DLBCL ABC type .

summary tables expression by acute leukaemias and by haematogones file rareepng pro-b all link flow cytometry key file hiepng early pre-b all link flow cytometry key file freqepng pre-b all link flow cytometry key file freqepng b all link flow cytometry key file rareepng pro-t all link flow cytometry key file possepng mature-t all link flow cytometry key file rareepng aml link flow cytometry key file hiepng haemato-gones * link flow cytometry key expression by b-lymphoproliferative disorders file possepng frame cll link flow cytometry key file possepng pll link flow cytometry key file possepng mcl link flow cytometry key file hiepng fl link flow cytometry key file possepng hcl link flow cytometry key file possepng hclv link flow cytometry key file possepng mzl link flow cytometry key file possepng lpl link flow cytometry key file possepng pcs link flow cytometry key * typical of fl ---- key the indicated expression frequency indicates the approximate frequency of occurrence each particular disease type. file rareepng 30px link rare 5 file possepng 30px link possible 5-20 file modepng 30px link likely 20-40 file freqepng 30px link frequent 40-80 file hiepng 30px link expected 80 where expression level unusual or characteristic of a disorder this indicated by text '),