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CD19  expressed through most of b-cell development pan b-cell marker and may therefore be used to confirm b-lymphocyte lineage being present at early b-cell commitment until plasma cell stage. 
'cd1a', ' *au800 marker ofu800 early tu800-lineage that isu800 useful foru800 theu800 identification ofu800 some cases ofu800 tu800-allu800 expression isu800 notably absent inu800 etpu800-allu800 *cd1a mayu800 beu800 useful tou800 confirm tu800-lineage inu800 some cases ofu800 mpal  details cd1a isu800 structurally related tou800 major histocompatibility complex proteins andu800 isu800 thought tou800 mediate theu800 presentation ofu800 lipid andu800 glycolipid antigens. cd1a expression isu800 absent onu800 very early thymocytes butu800 isu800 acquired together with cd4u800 andu800 cd8u800 asu800 tu800 cells develop inu800 theu800 thymus; expression precedes cd3u800. cd1a expression isu800 lost atu800 theu800 mature tu800 cell stage. *inu800 tu800-allu800 cd1a isu800 absent atu800 early developmental stages prou800-tu800 andu800 preu800-tu800 andu800 isu800 notu800 expressed byu800 etpu800-allu800 early-tu800 precursor allu800 . *cd1a isu800 expressed byu800 cortical tu800 cells sou800 expression ofu800 cd1a onu800 leukaemic cells canu800 contribute tou800 au800 diagnosis ofu800 tu800-allu800 oru800 tou800 theu800 identification ofu800 tu800-lineage inu800 mpal ----
 
normal expression and function 
 
CD19  part of the normal b-cell receptor bcr complex of proteins and plays a major role in the recruiting and activating signalling proteins involved in b-cell receptor activation. it  reliably expressed by most normal b lymphocytes and also by follicular dendritic cells. expression  acquired very early during normal b-cell development and tends to increase as b cells mature but  lost during the transition to antibody producing plasma cells. 
 
 
diagnostic role 
 
*CD19  very useful for confirming b-lineage for both normal and malignant b cells
*it important to recognise that expression may be absent in very early cases of all and that CD19  not present on plasma cells.
*the level of expression of CD19 varies. for example high levels in hairy cell leukaemia with relatively low levels of expression in cll
*expression may be absent in cases of diffuse large b-cell lymphoma
*expression  a fairly common aberrant feature in aml particularly cases with the t 8;21 cytogenetic lesion but expression  rare in other lineages.
 
---- summary tables 
1. expression by acute leukaemias and by haematogones
file freqepng  pro-b all  link flow cytometry key file hiepng  early pre-b all  link flow cytometry key file hiepng  pre-b all  link flow cytometry key file hiepng  early b all  link flow cytometry key file rareepng  pro-t all  link flow cytometry key file rareepng  mature-t all  link flow cytometry key file possepng  aml  * link flow cytometry key file hiepng  haemato-gones  link flow cytometry key
*  particularly seen in aml with t 8 21 translocation
 
2. expression by b-lymphoproliferative disorders
file hi.png frame  cll * link flow cytometry key file hiepng  pll**  link flow cytometry key file hiepng  mcl  link flow cytometry key file hiepng  fl  * link flow cytometry key file hiepng  hcl**  link flow cytometry key file hiepng  hclv  link flow cytometry key file hiepng  mzl  link flow cytometry key file hiepng  lpl  link flow cytometry key file possepng  pcs  link flow cytometry key  *  typically weak  **  typically strong ---- 
 
----

Revision as of 22:52, 8 May 2023

'cd1a', ' *au800 marker ofu800 early tu800-lineage that isu800 useful foru800 theu800 identification ofu800 some cases ofu800 tu800-allu800 expression isu800 notably absent inu800 etpu800-allu800 *cd1a mayu800 beu800 useful tou800 confirm tu800-lineage inu800 some cases ofu800 mpal details cd1a isu800 structurally related tou800 major histocompatibility complex proteins andu800 isu800 thought tou800 mediate theu800 presentation ofu800 lipid andu800 glycolipid antigens. cd1a expression isu800 absent onu800 very early thymocytes butu800 isu800 acquired together with cd4u800 andu800 cd8u800 asu800 tu800 cells develop inu800 theu800 thymus; expression precedes cd3u800. cd1a expression isu800 lost atu800 theu800 mature tu800 cell stage. *inu800 tu800-allu800 cd1a isu800 absent atu800 early developmental stages prou800-tu800 andu800 preu800-tu800 andu800 isu800 notu800 expressed byu800 etpu800-allu800 early-tu800 precursor allu800 . *cd1a isu800 expressed byu800 cortical tu800 cells sou800 expression ofu800 cd1a onu800 leukaemic cells canu800 contribute tou800 au800 diagnosis ofu800 tu800-allu800 oru800 tou800 theu800 identification ofu800 tu800-lineage inu800 mpal ----

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