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CD10
CD19  expressed through most of b-cell development pan b-cell marker and may therefore be used to confirm b-lymphocyte lineage being present at early b-cell commitment until plasma cell stage. 


*CD10  is expressed  early pre-B ALL ("common ALL"), but also has wide expression on all subtypes notably also being expressed by Burkitt lymphoma and many cases of T-ALL
normal expression and function  
*CD10  is also found on normal developing B-lymphocytes (haematogones) so is found very frequently in regenerating marrows
*In mature lymphoproliferative disorders CD10  is consistently expressed by follicular lymphoma, but this is not fully specific and the marker may (rarely) be found on other lymphoproliferative cell types.  


 
CD19  part of the normal b-cell receptor bcr complex of proteins and plays a major role in the recruiting and activating signalling proteins involved in b-cell receptor activation. it reliably expressed by most normal b lymphocytes and also by follicular dendritic cells. expression acquired very early during normal b-cell development and tends to increase as b cells mature but lost during the transition to antibody producing plasma cells.   
Normal expression and function
 
CD10  inactivates small peptide hormones but function varies with different roles within the lymphoid and myeloid systems. CD10 For lymphoid cells expression of CD10 broadly correlates with periods of proliferation so it is expressed from the early pre-B cell stage then is lost as B cells leave the bone marrow before becoming re-acquired by B cells within the reactive germinal centres - secondary follicles . In contrast within the myeloid system CD10 is expressed on mature neutrophils but not maturing myeloid cells .   




diagnostic role   
diagnostic role   


*Lymphoproliferative disorders: CD10 is considered to be a marker of follicular lymphoma where expression consistent and strong. However other lymphoproliferative disorders may all may express CD10 occasionally. 
*CD19  very useful for confirming b-lineage for both normal and malignant b cells
 
*it  important to recognise that expression may be absent in very early cases of all and that CD19  not present on plasma cells.  
*Acute leukaemia: in B-lineage ALL CD10 is a useful marker that is generally absent from pro-B ALL, but is consistently expressed by later forms particularly including most cases of Burkitt Lymphoma. approximately 30% of cases of T-ALL express CD10, but expression in AML is rare. 
*the level of expression of CD19 varies. for example high levels in hairy cell leukaemia with relatively low levels of expression in cll
 
*expression may be absent in cases of diffuse large b-cell lymphoma
*Haematogones: the primitive maturing B cells of regenerating bone marrow consistently express CD10 at all stages of their maturation.
*expression  a fairly common aberrant feature in aml particularly cases with the t 8;21 cytogenetic lesion but expression  rare in other lineages.
 
 
other relevant information   
 
In histopathology CD10 expression is important in the diagnosis of a range of diagnoses including many solid tumour types. In lymphoma it is particularly valuable for the recognition of angioimmunoblastic T cell lymphoma (AITCL) and for DLBCL ABC type .  
 


summary tables  expression by acute leukaemias and by haematogones file rareepng pro-b all  link flow cytometry key file hiepng  early pre-b all  link flow cytometry key file freqepng pre-b all  link flow cytometry key file freqepng b all  link flow cytometry key file rareepng  pro-t all  link flow cytometry key file possepng mature-t all  link flow cytometry key file rareepng aml  link flow cytometry key file hiepng  haemato-gones  * link flow cytometry key expression by b-lymphoproliferative disorders file possepng frame  cll link flow cytometry key file possepng pll  link flow cytometry key file possepng mcl  link flow cytometry key file hiepng  fl  link flow cytometry key file possepng hcl  link flow cytometry key file possepng hclv  link flow cytometry key file possepng mzl  link flow cytometry key file possepng lpl  link flow cytometry key file possepng  pcs  link flow cytometry key  *  typical of fl ----  key  the indicated expression frequency indicates the approximate frequency of occurrence each particular disease type. file rareepng 30px link rare 5 file possepng 30px link possible 5-20 file modepng 30px link likely 20-40 file freqepng 30px link frequent 40-80 file hiepng 30px link expected 80 where expression level  unusual or characteristic of a disorder this  indicated by text '),
----  summary tables   
1. expression by acute leukaemias and by haematogones file freqepng pro-b all  link flow cytometry key file hiepng  early pre-b all  link flow cytometry key file hiepng pre-b all  link flow cytometry key file hiepng early b all  link flow cytometry key file rareepng  pro-t all  link flow cytometry key file rareepng mature-t all  link flow cytometry key file possepng aml  * link flow cytometry key file hiepng  haemato-gones  link flow cytometry key *  particularly seen in aml with t 8 21 translocation 2. expression by b-lymphoproliferative disorders file hiepng frame  cll * link flow cytometry key file hiepng pll** link flow cytometry key file hiepng mcl  link flow cytometry key file hiepng  fl  * link flow cytometry key file hiepng hcl** link flow cytometry key file hiepng hclv  link flow cytometry key file hiepng mzl  link flow cytometry key file hiepng lpl  link flow cytometry key file possepng  pcs  link flow cytometry key  *  typically weak  **  typically strong ----  key  the indicated expression frequency indicates the approximate frequency of occurrence in each particular disease type. file rareepng 30px link rare 5 file possepng 30px link possible 5-20 file modepng 30px link likely 20-40 file freqepng 30px link frequent 40-80 file hiepng 30px link expected 80 where expression level  unusual or characteristic of a disorder this  indicated by text  
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Revision as of 21:54, 8 May 2023

CD19 expressed through most of b-cell development pan b-cell marker and may therefore be used to confirm b-lymphocyte lineage being present at early b-cell commitment until plasma cell stage.

normal expression and function

CD19 part of the normal b-cell receptor bcr complex of proteins and plays a major role in the recruiting and activating signalling proteins involved in b-cell receptor activation. it reliably expressed by most normal b lymphocytes and also by follicular dendritic cells. expression acquired very early during normal b-cell development and tends to increase as b cells mature but lost during the transition to antibody producing plasma cells.


diagnostic role

  • CD19 very useful for confirming b-lineage for both normal and malignant b cells
  • it important to recognise that expression may be absent in very early cases of all and that CD19 not present on plasma cells.
  • the level of expression of CD19 varies. for example high levels in hairy cell leukaemia with relatively low levels of expression in cll
  • expression may be absent in cases of diffuse large b-cell lymphoma
  • expression a fairly common aberrant feature in aml particularly cases with the t 8;21 cytogenetic lesion but expression rare in other lineages.
----  summary tables  

1. expression by acute leukaemias and by haematogones file freqepng  pro-b all  link flow cytometry key file hiepng  early pre-b all  link flow cytometry key file hiepng  pre-b all  link flow cytometry key file hiepng  early b all  link flow cytometry key file rareepng  pro-t all  link flow cytometry key file rareepng  mature-t all  link flow cytometry key file possepng  aml  * link flow cytometry key file hiepng  haemato-gones  link flow cytometry key  *  particularly seen in aml with t 8 21 translocation 2. expression by b-lymphoproliferative disorders file hiepng frame  cll * link flow cytometry key file hiepng  pll**  link flow cytometry key file hiepng  mcl  link flow cytometry key file hiepng  fl  * link flow cytometry key file hiepng  hcl**  link flow cytometry key file hiepng  hclv  link flow cytometry key file hiepng  mzl  link flow cytometry key file hiepng  lpl  link flow cytometry key file possepng  pcs  link flow cytometry key  *  typically weak  **  typically strong ----  key  the indicated expression frequency indicates the approximate frequency of occurrence in each particular disease type. file rareepng 30px link rare 5 file possepng 30px link possible 5-20 file modepng 30px link likely 20-40 file freqepng 30px link frequent 40-80 file hiepng 30px link expected 80 where expression level  unusual or characteristic of a disorder this  indicated by text 

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