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(Created page with "CD14 aids recognition of bacteria by cells of monocytic lineage. it may generally be regarded as a pan-monocyte antigen when expressed in aml CD14 is a marker of monocytic lineage absence of CD14 expression does not preclude monocytic lineage since some typical monoblasts do not express this marker CD14 is not restricted to malignant cells and will be expressed by reactive monocytes and also by neoplastic cells of cmml normal expression and function together...")
 
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CD14 aids recognition of bacteria by cells of monocytic lineage. it may generally be regarded as a pan-monocyte antigen
CD2


when expressed in aml CD14 is a marker of monocytic lineage
CD2 is a pan t-cell marker. in diagnostic use it may be less reliable than CD3 since loss of expression of CD2 is seen in some peripheral t cell lymphomas and aberrant expression by aml is recognised particularly the apl subtype .  
 
absence of CD14 expression does not preclude monocytic lineage since some typical monoblasts do not express this marker
 
CD14 is not restricted to malignant cells and will be expressed by reactive monocytes and also by neoplastic cells of cmml  




normal expression and function   
normal expression and function   


together with co-receptors cell surface CD14 binds the bacterial cell wall component lipopolysaccharide lps helping initiate cytokine secretion and the inflammatory response when bacteria are detected. CD14 is anchored to the membrane by a glycosylphosphatidylinositol gpi tail attachment may be cleaved to release a soluble form. CD14 is expressed mainly by monocytes dendritic cells and macrophages and to a much lower extent by neutrophils . CD14 is weakly expressed or absent on early monocytes but expression becomes progressively stronger as the cells mature.   
CD2 forms part of the t cell receptor complex mediating adhesion to accessory cells and assisting in the generation and control of intracellular signal transduction. expression of CD2 by t cells is acquired during early t cell ontogeny preceded by CD7 and cytoplasmic CD3 expression and is then retained through thymic maturation and by peripheral t cells. CD2 is expressed only by a proportion of normal mast cells but is frequently expressed in systemic mastocytosis.   




diagnostic role 


CD14 is a useful marker of monocytic lineage in aml.
what is its diagnostic role   


*cases with myelomonocytic lineage will express CD14 on the monocytic population of blasts *cases with pure monocytic differentiation will generally express CD14 although it may be absent on less mature monoblasts.
CD2 generally identifies t cell lineage and is not expressed by normal b cells *in t-all and peripheral t cell lymphomas CD2 may contribute to diagnosis but loss of expression is recognised *CD2 and CD7 are expressed by nk cells in contrast to CD3 and may be used together with CD56 to identify these cells *in systemic mastocytosis CD2 with or without CD25 is expressed on the abnormal mast cell population in a proportion of cases CD25 may provide greater sensitivity and specificity


*expression is usual on cmml monocytes so it does not distinguish cmml and monocytic aml.


*expression is very uncommon on lymphoid lineage with 5 expression by all cells. 


summary tables 


other relevant information 
CD14 is glycophosphoinositol gpi linked and will therefore be absent in cells affected by paraxysmol nocturnal haemoglobinuria pnh
summary tables 


expression by acute leukaemias and by haematogones file rare.  pro-b all  rare.  early pre-b all  rare.  pre-b all  rare.  b all  rare. pro-t all  rare. mature-t all  freq. aml   rare.  haemato-gones link flow cytometry key  notes  **in aml CD14 expression defines monocytic lineage restriction but may be absent especially in more primitive monoblastic cases  expression by b-lymphoproliferative disorders file rare. frame  cll  rare.  pll  rare.  mcl  rare.  fl\'  rare.  hcl  rare.  hclv  rare.  mzl  rare.  lpl  rare.
expression by acute leukaemias and by haematogones file rar.png pro-b all  key file rar.png early pre-b all  key file rar.png pre-b all  key file rar.png b all  key file hiu82epng pro-t all  key file hiu82epng mature-t all  key file possu82epng aml *  key file rar.png haemato-gones   key  * recognised expression in aml particularly apml expression by b-lyphoproliferative disorders file modu82epng frame  cll*   key file rar.png pll  key file rar.png mcl  key file rar.png fl   key file rar.png hcl  key file rar.png hclv  key file rar.png mzl  key file rar.png lpl  key file rar.png  pcs  key \'expression is recognised in most b-lpd but generally 5 of cases  *  expression is recognised in cll overall around 20 of cases expression by mature t-cell disorders file hiu82epng frame  t-pll

Revision as of 13:58, 6 May 2023

CD2

CD2 is a pan t-cell marker. in diagnostic use it may be less reliable than CD3 since loss of expression of CD2 is seen in some peripheral t cell lymphomas and aberrant expression by aml is recognised particularly the apl subtype .


normal expression and function

CD2 forms part of the t cell receptor complex mediating adhesion to accessory cells and assisting in the generation and control of intracellular signal transduction. expression of CD2 by t cells is acquired during early t cell ontogeny preceded by CD7 and cytoplasmic CD3 expression and is then retained through thymic maturation and by peripheral t cells. CD2 is expressed only by a proportion of normal mast cells but is frequently expressed in systemic mastocytosis.


what is its diagnostic role

CD2 generally identifies t cell lineage and is not expressed by normal b cells *in t-all and peripheral t cell lymphomas CD2 may contribute to diagnosis but loss of expression is recognised *CD2 and CD7 are expressed by nk cells in contrast to CD3 and may be used together with CD56 to identify these cells *in systemic mastocytosis CD2 with or without CD25 is expressed on the abnormal mast cell population in a proportion of cases CD25 may provide greater sensitivity and specificity


summary tables


expression by acute leukaemias and by haematogones file rar.png pro-b all key file rar.png early pre-b all key file rar.png pre-b all key file rar.png b all key file hiu82epng pro-t all key file hiu82epng mature-t all key file possu82epng aml * key file rar.png haemato-gones key * recognised expression in aml particularly apml expression by b-lyphoproliferative disorders file modu82epng frame cll* key file rar.png pll key file rar.png mcl key file rar.png fl key file rar.png hcl key file rar.png hclv key file rar.png mzl key file rar.png lpl key file rar.png pcs key \'expression is recognised in most b-lpd but generally 5 of cases * expression is recognised in cll overall around 20 of cases expression by mature t-cell disorders file hiu82epng frame t-pll

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