CD3: Difference between revisions
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<span style="font-size:90%">'''Note''' The colour and % refer to the proportion of cases expressing the marker. Additional comments on strength, or site of expression (if relevant) are given below the table. | <span style="font-size:90%">'''Note''' Click here for [[Key to disease types|KEY- diseases]]. The colour and % refer to the proportion of cases expressing the marker [[Key to marker expression table|KEY - expression key]]. Additional comments on strength, or site of expression (if relevant) are given below the table. | ||
{| class=wikitable style="text-align: center; font-size:80%; width: 100%; height 20px;" | {| class=wikitable style="text-align: center; font-size:80%; width: 100%; height 20px;" | ||
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!colspan="8"| | !colspan="8"|'''Expression in primitive cell types'''</font> | ||
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!AML!!CMML !!B ALL !!BL ||T ALL !!ETP ALL !!MPAL ||Hgn</span> | |||
|- | |-<span style="font-size:70%"> | ||
|style="width: 12.5%; background: #E6FAFF; color:black"|<5% | |style="width: 12.5%; background: #E6FAFF; color:black"|<5% | ||
|style="width: 12.5%; background: #E6FAFF; color:black"|<5% | |style="width: 12.5%; background: #E6FAFF; color:black"|<5% | ||
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|style="width: 12.5%; background: #00b8e6; color:white"|20-40% | |style="width: 12.5%; background: #00b8e6; color:white"|20-40% | ||
|style="width: 12.5%; background: #E6FAFF; color:black"|<5% | |style="width: 12.5%; background: #E6FAFF; color:black"|<5% | ||
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!colspan="8"|'''CD13 expression: mature B cell neoplasms''' | !colspan="8"|'''CD13 expression: mature B cell neoplasms''' | ||
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! CLL !! MCL !!FL!! MZL !! HCL !! DLBCL || LPL !! PCL | ! CLL !! MCL !!FL!! MZL !! HCL !! DLBCL || LPL !! PCL | ||
|- | |-<span style="font-size:70%"> | ||
|style="width: 12.5%; background: #E6FAFF; color:black"|<5% | |style="width: 12.5%; background: #E6FAFF; color:black"|<5% | ||
|style="width: 12.5%; background: #E6FAFF; color:black"|<5% | |style="width: 12.5%; background: #E6FAFF; color:black"|<5% | ||
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!colspan="7"|'''Expression in mature T cell neoplasms*''' | !colspan="7"|'''Expression in mature T cell neoplasms*''' | ||
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! ATLL !! CTCL/Sezary !! T-PLL !! T-LGL !! NK-LGL | ! ATLL !! CTCL / Sezary !! T-PLL !! T-LGL !! NK-LGL | ||
|- | |-<span style="font-size:70%"> | ||
|style="width: 14.25%; background: #004466; color:white"|80-100% | |style="width: 14.25%; background: #004466; color:white"|80-100% | ||
|style="width: 14.25%; background: #004466; color:white"|80-100% | |style="width: 14.25%; background: #004466; color:white"|80-100% |
Latest revision as of 11:22, 14 June 2023
- Summary
- CD3 is a reliable marker of T cell lineage. Loss of expression is rare in T cell malignancies, and aberrant expression by other lineages is very infrequent.
- Surface CD3 is acquired during thymic maturation, but is preceded by expression in cytoplams, smaking cytoplasmic CD3 is very useful in the diagnosis of acute T cell leukaemia.
- On more mature neoplasms CD3 will be detected on the cell surface.
Normal expression and function
CD3 is not a single molecule, rather it is a multi-molecular complex (two epsilon (ε) chains, a gamma (γ) chain, a delta (δ) chain and a zeta (ζ) chain) that play a pivitol role in assembling and activating the T cell receptor. It is first expressed in the cytoplasm becoming expressed on as they mature. As an essential TCR component it is expressed almost exclusively by mature T cells.
Diagnostic role
- In T cell Acute Lymphocytic Leukaemia CD3 expression is mainly cytoplasmic (cyCD3). Surface (sCD3) is variably expressed in more mature forms of T-ALL.
- In mature T cell neoplasms sCD3 is found on T-prolymphocytic leukaemia, Sézary syndrome, Adult T cell leukaemia/lymphoma (ATLL), Angioimmunoblastic T cell lymphoma (AITL), T-Large granular lymphocytic leukaemia (T-LGL) and Hepatosplenic T-cell lymphoma.
- Natural Killer cell lymphoproliferative disorders do not express a conventional TCR so CD3 is not expressed.
- B cells will not express CD3, and aberrant expression in AML is rare (in contrast to other T cell marker such as CD2 or CD7).
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SUMMARY TABLES
Note Click here for KEY- diseases. The colour and % refer to the proportion of cases expressing the marker KEY - expression key. Additional comments on strength, or site of expression (if relevant) are given below the table.
Expression in primitive cell types | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
AML | CMML | B ALL | BL | T ALL | ETP ALL | MPAL | Hgn |
<5% | <5% | <5% | <5% | 80-100% | 80-100% | 20-40% | <5% |
Notes: CD3 exprssion is considered a very strong indicator of T lineage or mixed phenotype in acute leukaemia; however the where CD3 expression is weak or found only by immunohistchemistry then care should be taken in interpretation (see notes on MPAL and ETP-ALL). Note also that CD3 expression in acute leukaemia may be cytoplasmic or surface depending on cell maturity
CD13 expression: mature B cell neoplasms | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CLL | MCL | FL | MZL | HCL | DLBCL | LPL | PCL |
<5% | <5% | <5% | <5% | <5% | <5% | <5% | <5% |
Notes: CD3 expression is not seen in mature B lymphoid disorders
Expression in mature T cell neoplasms* | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
ATLL | CTCL / Sezary | T-PLL | T-LGL | NK-LGL | ||
80-100% | 80-100% | 80-100% | 80-100% | <5% |
Notes: The level of CD3 expression is increased (compared to normal T cells) in T-PLL and T-LGL, and are lower than normal T cells in Sézary syndrome and ATLL.