CD14

cd14 aids recognition of bacteria by cells of monocytic lineage. it may generally be regarded as a pan-monocyte antigen * when expressed in aml cd14 is a marker of monocytic lineage * absence of cd14 expression does not preclude monocytic lineage since some typical monoblasts do not express this marker * cd14 is not restricted to malignant cells and will be expressed by reactive monocytes and also by neoplastic cells of cmml normal expression and function together with co-receptors cell surface cd14 binds the bacterial cell wall component lipopolysaccharide lps helping initiate cytokine secretion and the inflammatory response when bacteria are detected. cd14 is anchored to the membrane by a glycosylphosphatidylinositol gpi tail attachment may be cleaved to release a soluble form. cd14 is expressed mainly by monocytes dendritic cells and macrophages and to a much lower extent by neutrophils . cd14 is weakly expressed or absent on early monocytes but expression becomes progressively stronger as the cells mature. diagnostic role cd14 is a useful marker of monocytic lineage in aml. *cases with myelomonocytic lineage will express cd14 on the monocytic population of blasts *cases with pure monocytic differentiation will generally express cd14 although it may be absent on less mature monoblasts. *expression is usual on cmml monocytes so it does not distinguish cmml and monocytic aml. *expression is very uncommon on lymphoid lineage with 5 expression by all cells. other relevant information cd14 is glycophosphoinositol gpi linked and will therefore be absent in cells affected by paraxysmol nocturnal haemoglobinuria pnh . ---- summary tables expression by acute leukaemias and by haematogones file rare.epng pro-b all link flow cytometry key file rare.epng early pre-b all link flow cytometry key file rare.epng pre-b all link flow cytometry key file rare.epng b all link flow cytometry key file rare.epng pro-t all link flow cytometry key file rare.epng mature-t all link flow cytometry key file freq.epng aml link flow cytometry key file rare.epng haemato-gones link flow cytometry key notes **in aml cd14 expression defines monocytic lineage restriction but may be absent especially in more primitive monoblastic cases expression by b-lymphoproliferative disorders file rare.epng frame cll link flow cytometry key file rare.epng pll link flow cytometry key file rare.epng mcl link flow cytometry key file rare.epng fl\' link flow cytometry key file rare.epng hcl link flow cytometry key file rare.epng hclv link flow cytometry key file rare.epng mzl link flow cytometry key file rare.epng lpl link flow cytometry key file rare.epng pcs link flow cytometry key ---- key the indicated expression frequency indicates the approximate frequency of occurrence in each particular disease type. file rare.epng 30px link rare 5 file poss.epng 30px link possible 5-20 file mod.epng 30px link likely 20-40 file freq.epng 30px link frequent 40-80 file hi.epng 30px link expected 80 where expression level is unusual or characteristic of a disorder this is indicated by text ---- '),