TCRγδ: Difference between revisions
From haematologyetc.co.uk
(Created page with " <div style="background-color: #E0EEEE; {{round corners}} padding: 2em 2em; margin-right: 5px;"> :<span style="color:navy">'''Summary'''</span> :The αβ TCR is the primary form in health accounting for around 95% of circulating T cells. Alteration of that normal expression pattern may suggest a neoplastic or inflammatory disorder </div> :<span style="color:navy">'''Background'''</span> :The αβ chains expressed are expressed as part of the T-cell receptor (TCR...") |
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:<span style="color:navy">'''Summary'''</span> | :<span style="color:navy">'''Summary'''</span> | ||
: | :In the detection of haematological malignancy the purpose of detecting γδ T cells is to define particular T cell lymphomas (αβ T cells strongly predominate in normal blood). However care must be taken when small populations of γδ T cells are detected however, since these may arise in response to viral or other immune responses. | ||
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:<span style="color:navy">'''Background'''</span> | :<span style="color:navy">'''Background'''</span> | ||
: | :T cell receptor (TCR) analysis in blood is not generally helpful in indicating T-cell clonality since around 95% express of circulating T cells express αβ chains and only 5% have gamma γδ. In tissues this can be different since the γδ T cells are more abundant in skin and intraepithelial areas. The receptors also have different functions: αβ T cells behave as elements of the adaptive immune system while γδ cells have an innate immune function similar to NK cells. | ||
:<span style="color:navy">'''Diagnostic Use'''</span> | :<span style="color:navy">'''Diagnostic Use'''</span> | ||
* | *A predominant population of γδ T cells circulate may indicate a clonal proliferation most commonly will be hepatosplenic gamma-delta T-cell lymphoma or primary cutaneous t cell lymphoma (PTCL) | ||
*Disturbance of the ratio of αβ/γδ may be seen in reactive conditions | |||
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Latest revision as of 21:28, 14 May 2023
- Summary
- In the detection of haematological malignancy the purpose of detecting γδ T cells is to define particular T cell lymphomas (αβ T cells strongly predominate in normal blood). However care must be taken when small populations of γδ T cells are detected however, since these may arise in response to viral or other immune responses.
- Background
- T cell receptor (TCR) analysis in blood is not generally helpful in indicating T-cell clonality since around 95% express of circulating T cells express αβ chains and only 5% have gamma γδ. In tissues this can be different since the γδ T cells are more abundant in skin and intraepithelial areas. The receptors also have different functions: αβ T cells behave as elements of the adaptive immune system while γδ cells have an innate immune function similar to NK cells.
- Diagnostic Use
- A predominant population of γδ T cells circulate may indicate a clonal proliferation most commonly will be hepatosplenic gamma-delta T-cell lymphoma or primary cutaneous t cell lymphoma (PTCL)
- Disturbance of the ratio of αβ/γδ may be seen in reactive conditions