Acute leukaemia types: Difference between revisions
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!colspan="4" style = "font-size:90%; background:#DAE8F2"|'''CD45 expression in AML''' | !colspan="4" style = "font-size:90%; background:#DAE8F2"|'''CD45 expression in AML''' | ||
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|colspan="4" style = "font-size:90%; color:black;" | | |colspan="4" style = "font-size:90%; color:black;" |'''[[CD45]]''' expression in AML is "weak" i.e. significantly less intense than normal T cells, B cells or monocytes. The typically low side scatter of most blast cells means that myeloid blast cells tend to form a relatively uniform population that is clearly separated from that of lymphocytes on CD45/SSc plots. However, there is some variability releted to indididual subtypes - in AML see particularly our sections on [[APL]] and [[monocytic AML]]. | ||
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!colspan="3" style = "font-size:90%; background:#DAE8F2"|'''Markers of pimitive cell type expected in AML''' | !colspan="3" style = "font-size:90%; background:#DAE8F2"|'''Markers of pimitive cell type expected in AML''' | ||
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|colspan="1" style = "font-size:80%;"|Similar to TdT, CD7 expression is recognised on a proportion of AML, usually those with less differentiated phenotype. Most consistently expressed in T-ALL. | |colspan="1" style = "font-size:80%;"|Similar to TdT, CD7 expression is recognised on a proportion of AML, usually those with less differentiated phenotype. Most consistently expressed in T-ALL. | ||
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!colspan="3" style = "font-size:90%; background:white"|While not expressed by all cases, MPO can be considered to be lineage-defining marker in AML (or establishing myeloid lineage in MPAL). | !colspan="3" style = "font-size:90%; background:#DAE8F2"|'''Markers with very strong lineage specificity in AML''' | ||
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!colspan="3" style = "font-size:90%; background:white"|While '''not expressed by all cases''', when detected by flow cytomwtry MPO can be considered to be '''lineage-defining''' marker in AML (or establishing myeloid lineage in MPAL). | |||
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|colspan="1" style = "font-size:80%; width: 4%; |'''Marker''' | |colspan="1" style = "font-size:80%; width: 4%; |'''Marker''' | ||
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|colspan="1" style = "font-size:80%; width: 80%; |'''Comment''' | |colspan="1" style = "font-size:80%; width: 80%; |'''Comment''' | ||
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|colspan="1" style = "font-size:90%; color:black;" |'''[[ | |colspan="1" style = "font-size:90%; color:black;" |'''[[MPO]]''' | ||
|colspan="1" style = "background:#006699;"| | |||
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:84%;"|A strong lineage marker for AML when detected by flow cytometry (though potentially less so by immunocytochemistry) | |||
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!colspan="3" style = "font-size:90%; background:#DAE8F2"|'''Lineage markers in AML that with relatively high speificity''' | |||
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!colspan="3" style = "font-size:90%; background:white"|These markers are each expressed by many cases (around 80% for each marker), they have high specificity although '''abberrent expression in ALL is feequent''' (overall 10-20% for any individual marker)). | |||
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|colspan="1" style = "font-size:80%; width: 4%; |'''Marker''' | |||
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:80%; width: 8%; |'''Expectation''' | |||
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:80%; width: 80%; |'''Comment''' | |||
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|colspan="1" style = "font-size:90%; color:black;" |'''[[CD117]]''' | |||
|colspan="1" style = "background:#006699;"| | |||
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:84%;"|One of tne of the first lineage-markers acquired in AML with good relative specificity | |||
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|colspan="1" style = "font-size:90%; color:black;" |'''[[CD33]]''' | |||
|colspan="1" style = "background:#006699;"| | |||
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:84%;"|A good marker for AML that is often less strongly expressed in monocytic forms | |||
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|colspan="1" style = "font-size:90%; color:black;" |'''[[CD13]]''' | |||
|colspan="1" style = "background:#006699;"| | |colspan="1" style = "background:#006699;"| | ||
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:84%;"| | |colspan="1" style = "font-size:84%;"|A good lineage marker for AML aquired a little later, higher than CD13 in monocytic forms | ||
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!colspan="3" style = "font-size:90%; background:#DAE8F2"|'''Other markers helpful in detecting myeloid lineage (often in AML subtypes)''' | |||
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!colspan="3" style = "font-size:90%; background:white"|These markers have less general value in diagnosis, but can be useful in subtype selection or in cases whwere lineage is ambiguous. | |||
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|colspan="1" style = "font-size:80%; width: 4%; |'''Marker''' | |||
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:80%; width: 8%; |'''Expectation''' | |||
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:80%; width: 80%; |'''Comment''' | |||
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|colspan="1" style = "font-size:90%; color:black;" |'''[[CD10]]''' | |||
|colspan="1" style = "background:#ffffcc;"|Gran | |||
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:84%;"|One of tne of the first lineage-markers acquired in AML with good relative specificity | |||
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|colspan="1" style = "font-size:90%; color:black;" |'''[[CD11b]]''' | |||
|colspan="1" style = "background:#ffffcc;"|Gran | |||
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:84%;"|One of tne of the first lineage-markers acquired in AML with good relative specificity | |||
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|colspan="1" style = "font-size:90%; color:black;" |'''[[CD11c]]''' | |||
|colspan="1" style = "background:#ffffcc;"|Mono | |||
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:84%;"|One of tne of the first lineage-markers acquired in AML with good relative specificity | |||
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|colspan="1" style = "font-size:90%; color:black;" |'''[[CD14]]''' | |||
|colspan="1" style = "background:#ffffcc;"|Mono | |||
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:84%;"|A good marker for AML that is often less strongly expressed in monocytic forms | |||
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|colspan="1" style = "font-size:90%; color:black;" |'''[[CD64]]''' | |||
|colspan="1" style = "background:#ffffcc;"|Mono | |||
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:84%;"|A good lineage marker for AML aquired a little later, higher than CD13 in monocytic forms | |||
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</div> | </div> |
Revision as of 09:39, 18 July 2023
Marker patterns in typical acute myeloid leukaemia | |||
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CD45 expression in AML | |||
CD45 expression in AML is "weak" i.e. significantly less intense than normal T cells, B cells or monocytes. The typically low side scatter of most blast cells means that myeloid blast cells tend to form a relatively uniform population that is clearly separated from that of lymphocytes on CD45/SSc plots. However, there is some variability releted to indididual subtypes - in AML see particularly our sections on APL and monocytic AML.
| |||
Markers of pimitive cell type expected in AML | |||
These markers are generally regarded as indicating less differentiated cells, so may be expressed by any acute leukaemia type. When strongly expressed they have some value in indicating T or B lineage. | |||
Marker | Expectation | Comment | |
CD34 | Frequently expressed, most often in less differentiated forms of AML. Expression often less intense than in lymphoid leukaemias | ||
TDT | Expressed particularly in less differentiated forms of AML. Often on a sub-population of cells; expression usually less intense than in lymphoid leukaemias | ||
CD7 | Similar to TdT, CD7 expression is recognised on a proportion of AML, usually those with less differentiated phenotype. Most consistently expressed in T-ALL. | ||
Markers with very strong lineage specificity in AML | |||
While not expressed by all cases, when detected by flow cytomwtry MPO can be considered to be lineage-defining marker in AML (or establishing myeloid lineage in MPAL). | |||
Marker | Expectation | Comment | |
MPO | A strong lineage marker for AML when detected by flow cytometry (though potentially less so by immunocytochemistry) | ||
Lineage markers in AML that with relatively high speificity | |||
These markers are each expressed by many cases (around 80% for each marker), they have high specificity although abberrent expression in ALL is feequent (overall 10-20% for any individual marker)). | |||
Marker | Expectation | Comment | |
CD117 | One of tne of the first lineage-markers acquired in AML with good relative specificity | ||
CD33 | A good marker for AML that is often less strongly expressed in monocytic forms | ||
CD13 | A good lineage marker for AML aquired a little later, higher than CD13 in monocytic forms | ||
Other markers helpful in detecting myeloid lineage (often in AML subtypes) | |||
These markers have less general value in diagnosis, but can be useful in subtype selection or in cases whwere lineage is ambiguous. | |||
Marker | Expectation | Comment | |
CD10 | Gran | One of tne of the first lineage-markers acquired in AML with good relative specificity | |
CD11b | Gran | One of tne of the first lineage-markers acquired in AML with good relative specificity | |
CD11c | Mono | One of tne of the first lineage-markers acquired in AML with good relative specificity | |
CD14 | Mono | A good marker for AML that is often less strongly expressed in monocytic forms | |
CD64 | Mono | A good lineage marker for AML aquired a little later, higher than CD13 in monocytic forms |