CD38: Difference between revisions
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<span style="color:navy">'''Normal expression and function'''</span> | <span style="color:navy">'''Normal expression and function'''</span> | ||
The wide expression of CD38 limits its diagnostic value except in very specific circumstances: | The wide expression of CD38 limits its diagnostic value except in very specific circumstances: | ||
*The co-expression of CD38 with CD138 can identify normal or neoplastic plasma cells | *The co-expression of CD38 with CD138 can identify normal or neoplastic plasma cells | ||
*Expression of CD38 in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (>20% of cells) may associated with poorer outcome | *Expression of CD38 in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (>20% of cells) may associated with poorer outcome | ||
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{| class=wikitable style="text-align: center; font-size:80%; width: 100%; height 20px;" | {| class=wikitable style="text-align: center; font-size:80%; width: 100%; height 20px;" | ||
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!colspan="8"| | !colspan="8"|'''Expression in primitive cell types'''</font> | ||
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! AML !! CMML !! B ALL !! | !AML!!CMML !!B ALL !!BL ||T ALL !!ETP ALL !!MPAL ||Hgn</span> | ||
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|style="width: 12.5%; background: #00b8e6; color:black"|2-20%* | |style="width: 12.5%; background: #00b8e6; color:black"|2-20%* | ||
|style="width: 12.5%; background: #006699; color:white"|40-80% | |style="width: 12.5%; background: #006699; color:white"|40-80% | ||
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!colspan="8"|'''Expression in mature B cell neoplasms''' | !colspan="8"|'''Expression in mature B cell neoplasms''' | ||
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! CLL !! MCL !!FL!! MZL !! HCL !! DLBCL || LPL !! PCL | ! CLL !! MCL !!FL!! MZL !! HCL !! DLBCL || LPL !! PCL | ||
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|style="width: 12.5%; background: #00b8e6; color:black"|2-20%* | |style="width: 12.5%; background: #00b8e6; color:black"|2-20%* | ||
|style="width: 12.5%; background: #004466; color:white"|80-100% | |style="width: 12.5%; background: #004466; color:white"|80-100% | ||
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! ATLL !! CTCL/Sezary !! T-PLL !! T-LGL !! NK-LGL | ! ATLL !! CTCL/Sezary !! T-PLL !! T-LGL !! NK-LGL | ||
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|style="width: | |style="width: 12.5%; background: #004466; color:white"|80-100% | ||
|style="width: | |style="width: 12.5%; background: #004466; color:white"|80-100% | ||
|style="width: | |style="width: 12.5%; background: #004466; color:white"|80-100% | ||
|style="width: | |style="width: 12.5%; background: #004466; color:white"|80-100% | ||
|style="width: | |style="width: 12.5%; background: #004466; color:white"|80-100% | ||
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Latest revision as of 21:43, 4 July 2023
- Summary
- CD38 helps mobilise intracellular calcium to activate a wide array of cell functions. In haematological cell types CD38 it is widely expressed by lymphoid cells B, T and NK) as well as myeloid precursor cells and mature myeloid cells.
- CD38 has particular diagnostic importance for lymphocytes where CD38 expression is acquired as stem cells commit to B-cell lineage, then is lost as mature B cells emerge from bone marrow before being re-acquired at the time of plasma cell differentiation.
Normal expression and function
The wide expression of CD38 limits its diagnostic value except in very specific circumstances:
- The co-expression of CD38 with CD138 can identify normal or neoplastic plasma cells
- Expression of CD38 in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (>20% of cells) may associated with poorer outcome
Other relevant information:
CD38 is a therapeutic target, daratumumab is a monoclonal antibody which binds to CD38 and is used in the treatment of myeloma.
| Expression in primitive cell types | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| AML | CMML | B ALL | BL | T ALL | ETP ALL | MPAL | Hgn |
| 2-20%* | 40-80% | 40-80% | 40-80% | 40-80% | 40-80% | 40-80% | 80-100%* |
Notes: * expression correlates with subtype, particularly APML. Expression by haematogones is very high.
| Expression in mature B cell neoplasms | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CLL | MCL | FL | MZL | HCL | DLBCL | LPL | PCL |
| 2-20%* | 80-100% | 80-100% | 80-100% | 2-20% | 80-100%* | 40-80% | 80-100%** |
Notes: Expression level in CLL and DLBCL may have prognostic value, plasma cells express the marker fairly consistently although the levels can vary.
| Expression in mature T cell neoplasms | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ATLL | CTCL/Sezary | T-PLL | T-LGL | NK-LGL | ||
| 80-100% | 80-100% | 80-100% | 80-100% | 80-100% | ||