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11:34, 6 July 2023 John talk contribs created page Alt Alt (Created page with " <div style="width: 100%; overflow: auto; border: 1px solid navy; font-size:100%"> {| class="wikitable" style="color:black; background-color:#ffffff;" cellpadding="0" !colspan="7" style = "font-size:100%; color: navy; text-align:center; background:#DEE0DE;"|'''Immunophenotype LPD''' |- !colspan="7" style = "font-size:100%; color: navy; text-align:center; background:white;"|'''Immunophenotype LPD''' |- |colspan="1" style = "font-size:80%; width: 20%; |'''Marker''' |colspa...")
09:48, 6 July 2023 John talk contribs created page Alt (Created page with " <div style="width: 100%; overflow: auto; border: 1px solid navy; font-size:100%"> {| class="wikitable" style="color:black; background-color:#ffffff;" cellpadding="0" !colspan="7" style = "font-size:100%; color: navy; text-align:center; background:#DEE0DE;"|'''Immunophenotype LPD''' |- |colspan="1" style = "font-size:80%; width: 20%; |'''Marker''' |colspan="1" style = "font-size:80%; width: 10%; |'''CLL''' |colspan="1" style = "font-size:80%; width: 10%; |'''MCL''' |cols...")
15:15, 30 June 2023 John talk contribs created page File:ManWithAbs.jpg
15:15, 30 June 2023 John talk contribs uploaded File:ManWithAbs.jpg
11:10, 30 June 2023 John talk contribs created page Flow cytometry: Hairy Cell Leukaemia (Created page with "---- 200px|link=HCL.jpg <span style="font-size:90%">''Typical HCL morphology, cells are medium size, with a partly activated chromatin pattern and oval or indented nuclear shape, the cytoplasm is typically blue/grey with irregular and fine projections (hairs)''</span> <span style="color: navy>'''Background to flow cytometric diagnosis'''</span> HCL expresses typical and unusual markers that together with morphology can allow diagnosed with some co...")
13:22, 28 June 2023 John talk contribs created page File:CLLCD45.jpg
13:22, 28 June 2023 John talk contribs uploaded File:CLLCD45.jpg
10:19, 28 June 2023 John talk contribs created page File:CLL.jpg
10:19, 28 June 2023 John talk contribs uploaded File:CLL.jpg
23:52, 21 June 2023 John talk contribs created page Flow cytometry: Marginal Zone Lymphoma (Created page with " <span style="color: navy>'''Background'''</span> A difficult diagnosis - flow cytometry can suggest a diagnosis, but the immunophenotype may overlap with related diagnoses including atypical cases of CLL and MCL. Generally it is correct to suggest the diagnosis, but recognise that the profile is not fully specific, and confirmation by other modalities may be required. <div style="width: 95%; overflow: auto; border: 1px solid navy; font-size:100%"> {| class="wikita...")
16:25, 21 June 2023 John talk contribs created page Summary tables comparing neoplastic disorders (Created page with " <div style="width: 100%; overflow: auto; border: 1px solid navy; font-size:100%"> {| class="wikitable" style="color:black; background-color:#ffffff;" cellpadding="0" !colspan="4" style = "font-size:100%; color: navy; text-align:center; background:#DEE0DE;"|'''Immunophenotype LPD''' |- |colspan="1" style = "font-size:80%; width: 60%; |'''Marker''' |colspan="1" style = "font-size:80%; width: 20%; |'''CLL''' |colspan="1" style = "font-size:80%; width: 20%; |'''MCL''' |- |c...")
16:18, 21 June 2023 John talk contribs created page Flow cytometry: Chronic Lymphocytic leukaemia (Created page with "<span style="color: navy>'''Background'''</span> Typical CLL can be diagnosed with some confidence using flow cytometry. However, individual markers may not be expressed in all cases - this can cause diagnostic difficulty particularly in distinguishing CLL from atypical cases of MCL or MZL. If this is the case then the atypical features should be reported, and the possibility of alternative diagnoses acknowledged. Note also that cases with a low lymphocytosis (<1x10<...")
16:16, 21 June 2023 John talk contribs created page Flow cytometry: Mantle cell Lymphoma (Created page with " <span style="color: navy>'''Background'''</span> Typical MCL expresses CD5, but can be distinguished from CLL by the absence of CD23 and CD200. However, individual markers may not be expressed in all cases - this can cause diagnostic difficulty particularly with atypical forms of MZL or occasionally other B-cell lymphoproliferative disorders. Generally it is correct to advise cytogenetic or genetic testing to confirm. <div style="width: 95%; overflow: auto; borde...")
16:14, 21 June 2023 John talk contribs created page Flow cytometry: Follicular Lymphoma (Created page with " <span style="color: navy>'''Background'''</span> Typical MCL expresses CD5, but can be distinguished from CLL by the absence of CD23 and CD200. However, individual markers may not be expressed in all cases - this can cause diagnostic difficulty particularly with atypical forms of MZL or occasionally other B-cell lymphoproliferative disorders. Generally it is correct to advise cytogenetic or genetic testing to confirm. <div style="width: 95%; overflow: auto; borde...")
23:34, 20 June 2023 John talk contribs created page NEW (Created page with "<span style="color: navy>'''Background'''</span> Typical CLL can be diagnosed with some confidence using flow cytometry. However, individual markers may not be expressed in all cases - this can cause diagnostic difficulty particularly in distinguishing CLL from atypical cases of MCL or MZL. If this is the case then the atypical features should be reported, and the possibility of alternative diagnoses acknowledged. Note also that cases with a low lymphocytosis (<1x10<...")
22:59, 19 June 2023 John talk contribs created page Flow cytometric marker pattern of mantle cell lymphoma (Created page with " <span style="color: navy>'''Background'''</span> Typical MCL expresses CD5, but can be distinguished from CLL by the absence of CD23 and CD200. However, individual markers may not be expressed in all cases - this can cause diagnostic difficulty particularly with atypical forms of MZL or occasionally other B-cell lymphoproliferative disorders. Where doubt exists then cytogenetic or genetic testing can be helpful. <div style="width: 95%; overflow: auto; border: 1px...")
22:08, 19 June 2023 John talk contribs created page Flow cytometric marker pattern of chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (Created page with " <span style="color: navy>'''Background'''</span> Typical CLL can be diagnosed with some confidence using flow cytometry. However, individual markers may not be expressed in all cases - this can cause diagnostic difficulty particularly in distinguishing CLL from atypical cases of MCL or MZL. If this is the case then the atypical features should be reported, and the possibility of alternative diagnoses acknowledged. Note also that cases with a low lymphocytosis (<1x1...")
10:26, 19 June 2023 John talk contribs created page Test open (Created page with "'Flow cytometry' file mosquito.jpg 200px link malaria index * malaria species recognition species recognition * malaria species recognition stage recognition")
22:54, 18 June 2023 John talk contribs created page Description of marker expression of specific disorders (Created page with "test")
22:49, 18 June 2023 John talk contribs created page Detailed description of individual markers used in diagnosis (Created page with " {|style="float:left; width: 80px; height: 40px; text-align:center; font-style: bold; color: maroon; background: #faeed8; border-style: solid; border-width: 2px; margin: 5px" | '''<span style="color:maroon">'''kappa'''</span>''' |} {|style="float:left; width: 80px; height: 40px; text-align:center; font-style: bold; color: maroon; background: #faeed8; border-style: solid; border-width: 2px; margin: 5px" | '''Immunoglobulin light chains|<...")
16:15, 18 June 2023 John talk contribs created page Expression strength key (Created page with "Expression strength effectively reflects how strongly a molecule is expressed by neoplastic cells based on the intensity of the observed fluorescence. It can be helpful in flow cytometric diagnosis: e.g. the characteristically weak expression of CD79b by CLL cells, or the characteristically strong expression of CD25 by the cells of HCL It is however associated with some difficulties since antibodies and fluorochromes can differ between laboratories and the judgment i...")
15:55, 18 June 2023 John talk contribs created page Monoclonal B lymphocytosis (Created page with "Monoclonal B-lymphocytosis (MBL) as a distinct entity recognised in the WHO Classification and used to denote the presence of abnormal conal B-cells that do not meet the diagnostic criteria for CLL or other LPD based. It is an important distinction since affected individaual are not regarded as having a lymphoproliferative disorder, although they may experience some symptoms, and the disease may progress. The diagnosis is suggested from flow cytometry of blood, but alwa...")
12:07, 14 June 2023 John talk contribs created page CD235 (Created page with " <div style="background-color: #E0EEEE; {{round corners}} padding: 2em 2em; margin-right: 5px;"> :<span style="color:navy">'''Summary'''</span> :xxxxx </div> :<span style="color:navy">'''Background'''</span> :xxxxxx :<span style="color:navy">'''Diagnostic Use'''</span> *xxxxx -----")
12:07, 14 June 2023 John talk contribs created page CD123 (Created page with " <div style="background-color: #E0EEEE; {{round corners}} padding: 2em 2em; margin-right: 5px;"> :<span style="color:navy">'''Summary'''</span> :xxxxx </div> :<span style="color:navy">'''Background'''</span> :xxxxxx :<span style="color:navy">'''Diagnostic Use'''</span> *xxxxx -----")
12:06, 14 June 2023 John talk contribs created page CD65 (Created page with " <div style="background-color: #E0EEEE; {{round corners}} padding: 2em 2em; margin-right: 5px;"> :<span style="color:navy">'''Summary'''</span> :xxxxx </div> :<span style="color:navy">'''Background'''</span> :xxxxxx :<span style="color:navy">'''Diagnostic Use'''</span> *xxxxx -----")
12:06, 14 June 2023 John talk contribs created page CD64 (Created page with " <div style="background-color: #E0EEEE; {{round corners}} padding: 2em 2em; margin-right: 5px;"> :<span style="color:navy">'''Summary'''</span> :xxxxx </div> :<span style="color:navy">'''Background'''</span> :xxxxxx :<span style="color:navy">'''Diagnostic Use'''</span> *xxxxx -----")
20:54, 13 June 2023 John talk contribs created page CD138 (Created page with " <div style="background-color: #E0EEEE; {{round corners}} padding: 2em 2em; margin-right: 5px;"> :<span style="color:navy">'''Summary'''</span> :CD138 is a marker used to identify normal or malignant plasma cells with a high level of specificity, but does not discriminate normal from abnormal plasma cells and in some cases expression in myeloma may be low compared with normal plasma cells so sensitivity can be an issue. Abberancy of expression is low, but expression...")
16:01, 13 June 2023 John talk contribs created page CD200 (Created page with " <div style="background-color: #E0EEEE; {{round corners}} padding: 2em 2em; margin-right: 5px;"> :<span style="color:navy">'''Summary'''</span> :CD200 is not lineage specific being seen in a lymphoid and myeloid disorders but has an role in diagnosis: CD200 expression aids the distinction between CLL where expression is consistent and mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) where expression is rare. It is important to realise that CD200 is not a CLL-specific marker and is also ex...")
12:42, 12 June 2023 John talk contribs created page CD117 (Created page with " <div style="background-color: #E0EEEE; {{round corners}} padding: 2em 2em; margin-right: 5px;"> :<span style="color:navy">'''Summary'''</span> :CD117 is a widely expressed molecule that in haematology is used most often as a marker of primitive myeloid cells where it contributes to a diagnosis of AML. However expression is absent in around 20-30% of typical AML and there is recognised aberrant expression by up to 30% of ALL cases (more frequently in T lineage). CD11...")
11:21, 12 June 2023 John talk contribs created page CD103 (Created page with " <div style="background-color: #E0EEEE; {{round corners}} padding: 2em 2em; margin-right: 5px;"> :<span style="color:navy">'''Summary'''</span> :The principle use of CD103 is to identify hairy cell leukaemia (HCL) and distinguish it from related diorders. CD103 also has a wider range of applications in the histopathological identification of a range of myeloid and T-cell disorders. </div> <span style="color:navy">'''Normal expression and function'''</span> CD1...")
16:15, 11 June 2023 John talk contribs created page CD57 (Created page with " <div style="background-color: #E0EEEE; {{round corners}} padding: 2em 2em; margin-right: 5px;"> :<span style="color:navy">'''Summary'''</span> :CD57 is used in the identification and typing of LGL cells helping to differentiate between T- and LGL origin </div> :<span style="color:navy">'''Background'''</span> CD57 is a carbohydrate epitope expressed on the cell surface of T cells and peripheral NK cells where CD57 expression can be regarded as designating termi...")
13:20, 8 June 2023 John talk contribs created page CD56 (Created page with " <div style="background-color: #E0EEEE; {{round corners}} padding: 2em 2em; margin-right: 5px;"> :<span style="color:navy">'''Summary'''</span> :CD56 principally is used in the identification and classification of LGL disorders; CD56 is also expressed in some cases of myeloma and may be used in detection of MRD. </div> :<span style="color:navy">'''Background'''</span> CD56 (Neural Cell Adhesion Molecule or NCAM) as most expressed on natural killer cells, but has...")
18:31, 7 June 2023 John talk contribs created page CD24 (Created page with " <div style="background-color: #E0EEEE; {{round corners}} padding: 2em 2em; margin-right: 5px;"> :<span style="color:navy">'''Summary'''</span> :CD24 can be helpful in the confirmation of ALL diagnosis by contributing to assignment of B-lineage in difficult cases. </div> :<span style="color:navy">'''Background'''</span> CD24 is a gpi-linked protein that is expressed on the surface of dendritic cells and most B lymphocytes, and binds to an unknown ligand on T lym...")
10:41, 7 June 2023 John talk contribs created page CD79b (Created page with " <div style="background-color: #E0EEEE; {{round corners}} padding: 2em 2em; margin-right: 5px;"> :<span style="color:navy">'''Summary'''</span> :CD79b is a pan-B-cell marker expressed from early commitment to B-cell lineage then becoming lost during plasma cell differentiation; CD79b may be used as marker of B-cel lineage, but its more variable expression make it less useful than CD79a or CD19 in this context :The major diagnostic value of CD79b is its characteristi...")
12:57, 1 June 2023 John talk contribs created page IgM (Created page with " <div style="background-color: #E0EEEE; {{round corners}} padding: 2em 2em; margin-right: 5px;"> :<span style="color:navy">'''Summary'''</span> :mu is the heavy chain element of IgM, and may be detected in the cytoplasm of early B cells. Membrane mu is present on mature B cells but following antigen encounter mu is generally replaced by other heavy chain types. Mu expression is used in the immunophenotypic sub-classification of ALL since cytoplasmic mu is acquired by...")
16:56, 31 May 2023 John talk contribs created page CD20 (Created page with "<div style="background-color: #E0EEEE; {{round corners}} padding: 2em 2em; margin-right: 5px;"> :<span style="color:navy">'''Summary'''</span> :CD20 is a component of the B-cell receptor and is therefore expressed by mature B-lymphocytes. In many ways its expression is similar to that of CD19; however CD20 expression is acquired slightly later in B cell development and may be retained by somr plasma cells. </div> :<span style="color:navy">'''Background'''</span>...")
09:57, 31 May 2023 John talk contribs created page CD16 (Created page with " <div style="background-color: #E0EEEE; {{round corners}} padding: 2em 2em; margin-right: 5px;"> :<span style="color:navy">'''Summary'''</span> :xxxxx </div> :<span style="color:navy">'''Background'''</span> :xxxxxx :<span style="color:navy">'''Diagnostic Use'''</span> *xxxxx -----")
09:42, 31 May 2023 John talk contribs created page MPO (Created page with " <div style="background-color: #E0EEEE; {{round corners}} padding: 2em 2em; margin-right: 5px;"> :<span style="color:navy">'''Summary'''</span> :xxxx </div> <span style="color:navy">'''Normal expression and function'''</span> xxxxx <span style="color:navy">'''Diagnostic role'''</span> *xxxxx <span style="color:navy">'''Other relevant information:'''</span> xxxxx ---- <span style="color:navy">'''''SUMMARY TABLES'''''</span> <span style="font-...")
09:57, 30 May 2023 John talk contribs created page CD15 (Created page with " <div style="background-color: #E0EEEE; {{round corners}} padding: 2em 2em; margin-right: 5px;"> :<span style="color:navy">'''Summary'''</span> :The main practical use for CD15 is for the recognition of cells that have granulocytic or monocytic features. For this reason CD15 has a role in lineage distinction in AML. CD15 is however also expressed in a range of haematological cell types and was originally described as the Lewis blood group antigen: Sialyl Lewis X....")
16:38, 28 May 2023 John talk contribs created page FMC7 (Created page with " <div style="background-color: #E0EEEE; {{round corners}} padding: 2em 2em; margin-right: 5px;"> :<span style="color:navy">'''Summary'''</span> :The FMC7 antibody recognises an epitope of CD20 that has a more restricted pattern of expression than the parent molecule. FMC7 has high expression on late-stage b-cell neoplasms such as hairy-cell leukaemia or MZL and can be used to indicate their possible presence; however low level of FMC7 expression is frequent on other...")
18:14, 27 May 2023 John talk contribs created page Immunoglobulin light chains (Created page with " <div style="background-color: #E0EEEE; {{round corners}} padding: 2em 2em; margin-right: 5px;"> :<span style="color:navy">'''Summary'''</span> :xxxx </div> <span style="color:navy">'''Normal expression and function'''</span> xxxxx <span style="color:navy">'''Diagnostic role'''</span> *xxxxx <span style="color:navy">'''Other relevant information:'''</span> xxxxx ---- <span style="color:navy">'''''SUMMARY TABLES'''''</span> <span style="font-...")
17:31, 27 May 2023 John talk contribs created page CD11b (Created page with " <div style="background-color: #E0EEEE; {{round corners}} padding: 2em 2em; margin-right: 5px;"> :<span style="color:navy">'''Summary'''</span> :Expressed on acute myeloid leukaemias with more mature features, particularly those with granulocytic maturation, CD11b is also expressed on monocytes (although less so than CD11c). Expression of CD11b may be used to support the identification of mixed phenotype acute leukaemia MPAL. </div> :<span style="color:navy">'''B...")
16:01, 18 May 2023 John talk contribs created page TDT (Created page with " <div style="background-color: #E0EEEE; {{round corners}} padding: 2em 2em; margin-right: 5px;"> :<span style="color:navy">'''Summary'''</span> :xxxx </div> <span style="color:navy">'''Normal expression and function'''</span> xxxxx <span style="color:navy">'''Diagnostic role'''</span> *xxxxx <span style="color:navy">'''Other relevant information:'''</span> xxxxx ---- <span style="color:navy">'''''SUMMARY TABLES'''''</span> <span style="font-...")
12:43, 17 May 2023 John talk contribs created page CD34 (Created page with " <div style="background-color: #E0EEEE; {{round corners}} padding: 2em 2em; margin-right: 5px;"> :<span style="color:navy">'''Summary'''</span> :Often regarded as a marker of primitive phenotype, CD34 is expressed by many cases of ALL (around 50%) and slightly fewer cases of AML around (40%). CD34 is also expressed by regenerating cells in marrow, and particularly by regenerating B lymphocytes (haematogones), but is generally absent from mature haematopoietic cells....")
18:35, 16 May 2023 John talk contribs created page HLA-DR (Created page with " <div style="background-color: #E0EEEE; {{round corners}} padding: 2em 2em; margin-right: 5px;"> :<span style="color:navy">'''Summary'''</span> :xxxxx </div> :<span style="color:navy">'''Background'''</span> :xxxxxx :<span style="color:navy">'''Diagnostic Use'''</span> *xxxxx -----")
10:24, 16 May 2023 John talk contribs created page CD33 (Created page with " <div style="background-color: #E0EEEE; {{round corners}} padding: 2em 2em; margin-right: 5px;"> :<span style="color:navy">'''Summary'''</span> :CD33 a useful marker contributing to the diagnosis of AML, but is less specific than myeloperoxidase and may be less sensitive than CD117. :The molecule is expressed by normal maturing myeloid cells, and there is recognised aberrant expression by primitive lymphoid cells (10-20%). </div> <span style="color:navy">'...")
14:34, 15 May 2023 John talk contribs created page CD25 (Created page with " <div style="background-color: #E0EEEE; {{round corners}} padding: 2em 2em; margin-right: 5px;"> :<span style="color:navy">'''Summary'''</span> :Principally a marker of cell activation that is expressed by a range of haematopoietic lineages, The expression of CD25 has value in the diagnosis of several disorders although in each case expression is not fully specific and the level of expression may be key to diagnosis :*High levels of CD25 are typical in hairy cell le...")
21:24, 14 May 2023 John talk contribs created page TCRγδ (Created page with " <div style="background-color: #E0EEEE; {{round corners}} padding: 2em 2em; margin-right: 5px;"> :<span style="color:navy">'''Summary'''</span> :The αβ TCR is the primary form in health accounting for around 95% of circulating T cells. Alteration of that normal expression pattern may suggest a neoplastic or inflammatory disorder </div> :<span style="color:navy">'''Background'''</span> :The αβ chains expressed are expressed as part of the T-cell receptor (TCR...")
11:48, 14 May 2023 John talk contribs created page TCRαβ (Created page with " <div style="background-color: #E0EEEE; {{round corners}} padding: 2em 2em; margin-right: 5px;"> :<span style="color:navy">'''Summary'''</span> :In the detection of haematological malignancy the purpose of detecting γδ T cells is to define particular T cell lymphomas (αβ T cells strongly predominate in normal blood). However care must be taken when small populations of γδ T cells are detected however, since these may arise in response to viral or other immune r...")
10:48, 13 May 2023 John talk contribs created page CD7 (Created page with " <div style="background-color: #E0EEEE; {{round corners}} padding: 2em 2em; margin-right: 5px;"> :<span style="color:navy">'''Summary'''</span> :xxxxx </div> :<span style="color:navy">'''Background'''</span> :xxxxxx :<span style="color:navy">'''Diagnostic Use'''</span> *xxxxx -----")

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